How to Start a Business in Poland as a Foreigner?
Do you want to run your own business in Poland but don’t know where to start? This step-by-step guide explains how to start a business in Poland as a foreigner.
In this article:
- who can run a business in Poland,
- requirements for Ukrainians (UKR status),
- how to register a business online,
- what to consider when choosing a form of taxation.
Can a Foreigner or Migrant Start a Business in Poland?
Yes – but only if you have the appropriate residence status.
Who Can Start a Business in Poland?
You can start a business (sole proprietorship) in Poland if you have one of the following:
- permanent residence permit,
- EU long-term resident permit,
- refugee status, subsidiary protection, or humanitarian stay,
- temporary residence permit (e.g. for work, studies, family reunification),
- UKR status.
Note: Citizens of Ukraine with UKR status can register a business in Poland under the same rules as Polish citizens.
What is the Best Form of Business for a Foreigner?
The simplest option is a jednoosobowa działalność gospodarcza (JDG). Registration is free and can be completed online in just 15 minutes.
An alternative is a spółka z ograniczoną odpowiedzialnością (sp. z o.o.), but this involves more costs and formalities. For beginners, JDG is usually the best choice.
How to Register a Business in Poland as a Migrant – Step by Step
Step 1: Check your status
Make sure you have a residence document that allows you to run a business.
Step 2: Prepare the required data
To register, you’ll need:
- personal data (including PESEL, if you have one),
- residential address in Poland,
- bank account number,
- PKD codes (your business activity types) – available on the government website,
- decision on the form of taxation
Step 3: Register your business online
Go to www.biznes.gov.pl and register your business online.
You’ll need a trusted profile (profil zaufany) – you can set it up via your bank or with help from the Leszno Foundation for Ukraine.
After registration, you’ll receive:
- NIP (Tax Identification Number – if you don’t already have one),
- REGON (Statistical Number),
- Entry in the CEIDG (Central Register and Information on Economic Activity).
Step 4: Register with ZUS
You have 7 days from the start of your business activity to register with ZUS (Social Insurance Institution).
Business for Ukrainians in Poland – What Are the Rules?
If you’re a citizen of Ukraine with UKR status (temporary protection), you can:
- start a business without additional permits,
- register online the same way as a Polish citizen,
- use simplified solutions and tax relief for small businesses.
How to Choose a Taxation Method?
In Poland, entrepreneurs can choose how to settle taxes with the Tax Office:
- Tax scale – 12% (income up to 120,000 PLN) or 32% (above 120,000 PLN); recommended for those with higher costs.
- Flat tax – 19%, suitable for higher incomes.
- Lump-sum tax on recorded income – simplified option; tax rate depends on the type of service.
It’s recommended to consult with an accountant or tax advisor before making a decision.
Do You Need to Speak Polish to Run a Business?
It’s not mandatory, but knowing Polish helps a lot in dealing with offices, managing paperwork, and communicating with customers.
In Leszno, you can learn Polish at the Leszno Foundation for Ukraine, which also offers business advice.
Where Can Foreigners Get Help Starting a Business?
Here are some trusted sources of support:
- biznes.gov.pl – official government portal (available in English, Ukrainian, and Russian),
- Leszno Foundation for Ukraine, ul. Słowiańska 10, Leszno,
- Information points for foreigners (e.g. Foreigners’ Integration Center),
- Local Entrepreneurship Support Centers,
- Facebook groups, Telegram channels, and forums for migrants in Poland.
Erasmus for Young Entrepreneurs Program
Erasmus for Young Entrepreneurs is an EU program that helps aspiring entrepreneurs gain international experience.
If you’re a migrant from Ukraine legally living in Poland, you can participate in an exchange with an experienced business owner in another EU country.
You’ll spend a few months learning business in practice, building your network, and developing your business idea.
The program offers a scholarship (650 euros/month) and increases your chances of success – both in Poland and across Europe.
Detailed information is available from the Leszno Foundation for Ukraine.
Summary: Running a Business in Poland as a Foreigner
Starting a business in Poland as a foreigner is possible and accessible – especially for those with legal residence status.
The simplest form is a sole proprietorship, which can be registered online.
Most Frequently Asked Questions
Can a foreigner start a business in Poland?
Yes, as long as they have a valid residence permit.
What documents are needed to register a business?
An ID document, residential address, PKD activity codes, and a bank account number.
Can I start a business if I have UKR status?
Yes, under the same rules as a Polish citizen.
The information provided by the mobile info point of the Leszno Foundation for Ukraine is funded by the National Institute of Freedom – Center for the Development of Civil Society, under the Government Program for Supporting the Development of Advisory Organizations.